Clarissa Johal: Mythology
Showing posts with label Mythology. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Mythology. Show all posts

Thursday, October 25, 2018

#FolkloreThursday - Vampires Around the World


Vampires. The mention of these creatures used strike fear and loathing, many years ago. After all, they were undead whose sole purpose was to kill. In the past fifty years, however, vampires have been simultaneously sexualized and emasculated. They share a new list of traits in films and literature. They no longer terrify but instead; their spit heals wounds, their fangs grow in response to sexual desire, they worry over moral choices, fall in love, sparkle and have babies. Oh boy.

But let's revisit the original definition:

Lithograph by R.de Moraine (1864).
[Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
Vampires: mythological or folkloric creatures who subsist by feeding on the life essence (generally in the form of blood) of living creatures, regardless of whether they are undead or a living person/being. Belief in such legends became so rife that in some cultures it caused mass hysteria and even public executions of people believed to be vampires.

Vampiric entities exist in many cultures and go back as far as prehistoric times. These blood-drinking, flesh-eating entities were associated with demons or evil spirits. The term vampire was not popularized until the early 18th century.




Ancient Greek mythology contains several precursors to modern vampires. Empusa, the daughter of the goddess Hecate, was described as a demon with flaming hair, a serpentine tail and one leg of brass and the other of a donkey. She would transform into a beautiful woman and seduce men as they slept...before drinking their blood and eating their flesh.

Metropolitan Museum of Art
[CC0], via Wikimedia Commons


Aztec mythology described tales of the cihuateteo; skeletal-faced spirits of women who died in childbirth. Childbirth was looked on as a battle in Aztec culture, and those who died in the process were honored as fallen warriors. The spirits of these women were said to haunt crossroads at night; stealing children, seducing men and causing sickness, seizures and madness.

Various regions of Africa share folkloric tales of beings with vampiric abilities. The Ashanti of southern Ghana tell of the sasabonsam, or forest vampires. They are said to be hairy and man-sized beings with short stubby arms, a wingspan of 20 feet, blood-shot eyes and teeth made of iron. They hang from trees utilizing hooks on their feet, which make it easy to swoop down on their prey and drain their blood.

Illustration by Ernest Griset
[Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
Vetàla are vampiric entities from Hindu mythology. Inhabiting the zone between life and afterlife, they are the hostile spirits of the dead whose children neglected to perform funerary rites in their memory. The vetàla can move from corpse to corpse, stopping decay and existing indefinitely. Victims reanimated by a vetàla would always have their hands and feet pointed backwards. They can haunt the living, kill children, cause miscarriages, and drive people insane.

In China, it is the jiāng shī, also known as a “hopping vampire” or reanimated corpse. The jiāng shī are said to have long, white hair, greenish-white skin, (due to rotting and mold) and a stiff gait. In the daytime they hide in dark places but at night they move, arms outstretched, by hopping. To kill living creatures, they must absorb their qi (life energy).

By Bin im Garten
CC BY-SA 3.0  from Wikimedia Commons
In European folklore, vampires were bloated with ruddy, purplish or dark skin. Their teeth, hair, and nails continued to grow, even after death. Blood would seep from their mouth and nose, and while their right eye was closed, their left eye would remain open. In general, fangs were not a feature. The origins of these physical attributes can be attributed to what we now know of forensic pathology: remaining bacteria in the body cause it to swell, which in turn, rupture blood vessels and cause blood to ooze from the mouth. Skin and gums shrivel and make the hair, nails and teeth look like they’ve grown.  It is the simple process of decomposition.

So why are we not getting down-and-dirty with these types of vampires? Sadly, romance with creatures leaking fluid or hopping about just isn't sexy. We save concepts of the aforementioned vampires for entertainment meant to scare. 
If you're interested in scary vampire movies for Halloween, my current watch list includes Cronos and Let the Right One In. I may even re-watch Nosferatu and What We Do in the Shadows (a not-to-miss comedy).
But if you like your vampires sexy, by all means, have at it. And don't forget your werewolves. They never get any love.

Photo courtesy of Harem Malik via Flickr

Thursday, October 13, 2016

#OctoberFrights Blog Hop - The Island by Clarissa Johal #paranormal #bestseller #giveaway


Welcome to 2016 October Frights Blog Hop! You're in the right place, so pour yourself a cup of coffee, and read on...

Today, I'm treating you to an exclusive excerpt from paranormal bestseller novel, The Island. 
If it strikes your fancy, the Rafflecopter to win a signed paperback (or ecopy -ePub, mobi, PDF- if you'd prefer) & a Starbucks $10 gift card is at the end. 
*INTERNATIONAL PRIZE PACKAGE: EBOOK & STARBUCKS EGIFTCARD
Winner will be announced on October 16th

Enjoy! 


Book Details:

Genre: Paranormal
Author: Clarissa Johal
Editor: Marisa Chenery
Publisher: Faeriemoon Press
Number of Pages: 210

About The Island:

Exploring an island can get you into trouble
Especially if you awaken two demons


Rumors and superstition.

That’s what Emma thinks about local gossip concerning her grandmother’s “cursed” private island. Emma journeys to the island to ready it for sale. While out exploring, she unearths a hidden cave which holds answers to the island’s dark past.

There may be more to the rumors than she thought.

Excerpt:

She was jarred awake by a cry. The vestiges of her nightmare dissipated as she orientated herself. Nightmare. Emma let out a sigh of relief. The cry sounded again. A distant sound, high and wailing. A baby’s cry. Her heart quickened. Good god, surely that can’t be a baby?
The fire in the stove had burned down, its embers lending a glow to the living room. Emma looked out the front window. The yard was still. She unlocked the door and opened it a crack. The cry drifted in with the breeze, faint but unmistakable. She ran through her mind what possible bird or animal could make the sound and came up with nothing. Characteristically, the island was blanketed with silence, almost like a vacuum. She stood, uncertain. After several minutes, the sound started again—the unmistakable high wail of a baby. She slipped on her boots and parka.
Fog trailed like cobwebs in her wake. The mournful cry threaded through the trees and came from the direction of the house ruins. In spite of a growing anxiety at what she’d find, she quickened her pace. If that is a baby, it’s still alive, and I need to get to it. If it’s not a baby… She blocked out the possibilities of what else it could be.
She approached the ruins and the sound stopped. Her heart raced. I know it was coming from here. The area held an unnatural heaviness. A branch cracked behind her and she turned with a start. Something dark darted through the trees.
“Hello?” Her voice sounded muffled in the fog. Emma’s attention snapped to the left. The dark figure ducked out of sight. She took one step backward, and fled.
Heavy footsteps echoed from behind as she plunged through the trees. They were catching up with her. Emma pushed herself to run faster, terrified she’d lose her footing on the uneven ground. The cabin loomed large, a haven in the thick fog. Stumbling across the cabin’s porch, she hurdled through the door and slammed it shut, locking it.
Emma rooted her feet to keep from running around in circles. Straining to hear, she was greeted with eerie silence. Several moments passed before the baby’s cry started again. And this time, it sounded from right outside the door.

***

#1 Bestseller in paranormal horror


Book Trailer:


                                     *INTERNATIONAL PRIZE PACKAGE: 
                                      EBOOK & STARBUCKS EGIFTCARD


Don't forget to enter my other October Frights Giveaways  

Giveaway #1 - a signed copy of Poppy & a Starbucks $10 gift card
Giveaway #2 - Struck is FREE from October 10-14th. 
Giveaway is for a $10 Starbucks gift card
Giveaway #3 - an ecopy of Voices & a Starbucks $10 egiftcard

Clarissa Johal is the bestselling author of paranormal novels, Poppy, The Island, Voices, Struck and Between. When she’s not listening to the ghosts in her head, she’s dancing, taking pictures of gargoyles, or swinging from a trapeze. She shares her life with her husband, two daughters, and every stray animal that darkens their doorstep. 


Find Clarissa Online:


Keep hopping!
                                                  Hosted by Clarissa Johal





Thursday, June 30, 2016

#FolkloreThursday - Balor, King of the Formorians #Irish

The Formorians by John Duncan (1912)
In Celtic mythology, Balor was king of the Fomorians, a race of supernatural beings or giants said to inhabit ancient Ireland. Formorians were often portrayed as hostile and monstrous beings who come from the sea or underground.

In some tales, Balor was born with a single eye in the middle of his forehead, with another at the back of his head to detect enemies. Other tales say that when Balor was a boy, he looked into a potion being brewed by his father’s Druids, and the fumes caused him to grow a huge, poisonous eye. The eye had to be opened by attendants, and it killed anything on which it gazed, thus the phrase "evil eye."

Balor had a vision that his own grandson would kill him. In order to stave off death, he locked his own daughter in a tower of crystal to keep her from producing a grandson. But his fate was not to be derailed. A Druid priestess helped a suitor sneak in and Balor's daughter became pregnant. Her son, Lugh Lamhfada, grew up to fight in the Battle of Magh Tuiredg. He killed Balor with a spear, and then used Balor's own evil eye to kill the rest of the Formorian army. According to myths, the eye was cast aside and burned a crater into the ground. The crater later filled with water and became known as Loch na Súil, or "Lake of the Eye", in County Sligo.
He decided to stave off his death by locking his own daughter, Ethlinn, in a tower composed of shining crystal. - See more at: http://www.irishcelticjewels.com/celtic-wedding/2012/11/irish-mythology-balor-of-the-evil-eye/#sthash.2IJ8EXwl.dpuf

Born with an eye in the middle of his forehead and another on the back of his head, he had the power to detect any foes before they could attack him.

However, Balor had a vision that he was to be murdered by his own grandson, and he became very paranoid.
- See more at: http://www.irishcelticjewels.com/celtic-wedding/2012/11/irish-mythology-balor-of-the-evil-eye/#sthash.2IJ8EXwl.dpuf
Born with an eye in the middle of his forehead and another on the back of his head, he had the power to detect any foes before they could attack him.

However, Balor had a vision that he was to be murdered by his own grandson, and he became very paranoid.
- See more at: http://www.irishcelticjewels.com/celtic-wedding/2012/11/irish-mythology-balor-of-the-evil-eye/#sthash.2IJ8EXwl.dpuf
Born with an eye in the middle of his forehead and another on the back of his head, he had the power to detect any foes before they could attack him.

However, Balor had a vision that he was to be murdered by his own grandson, and he became very paranoid.
- See more at: http://www.irishcelticjewels.com/celtic-wedding/2012/11/irish-mythology-balor-of-the-evil-eye/#sthash.2IJ8EXwl.dpufHe locked his daughter Ethlinn in a crystal tower, to prevent her from getting pregnant. With the help of the druidess Birog, Cian of the Tuatha Dé Danann, managed to enter the tower and slept with Ethlinn. She gave birth to a son, but when Balor learned of his existence he threw him in the ocean. Birog saved the boy and gave him to the sea god Manannan mac Lir, where he was raised. The boy, named Lugh Lamhfada (Lugh of the Long Arm), became a member of the Tuatha Dé Danann and led them in the second battle at Mag Tuireadh. rip out Balor's eye with a sling and Balor fell dead to the ground.  deadly eye burned a hole into the earth. Long after, the hole filled with water and became a lake in County Sligo known as Loch na Súil, or "Lake of the Eye."

Thursday, April 21, 2016

#FolkloreThursday - The Green Maiden (Glaistig) of the British Isles

The glaistig or Green Maiden is a type of spirit native to the British Isles. There are several renditions to her tale. In one, she's considered a protective water spirit. In another, she's mischievous, and throws pebbles at passerby's or leads people down the wrong path. In Scottish mythology, she holds a darker edge, luring men to her lair with song or dance, and then drinking their blood.

The Green Maiden has been described in many different ways. Some folktales depict her as a beautiful woman with long yellow or grey hair. She wears a flowing green gown and has an ethereal, fairy-like quality. Other folktales describe her as a demon. Cursed with the hybrid form of half-woman and half-goat, she keeps her lower goat form covered. 

Another version of glaistig states she is simply a ghost. One tale in particular, claimed the "Green Lady" would appear beside a castle fireplace to pick up a ghostly infant, and then vanish. When the castle was renovated, the bones of a woman and her baby were found underneath the fireplace. There have been other reports stating the spirit of the Green Lady has shown up dripping wet at a cottage door. She asks to come in to warm herself and dry her clothing. If she is made welcome in the home, she'll stay to protect the house and family. If the family moves, she'll stay behind to protect the next family.

Some glaistig mythology reiterate she's helpful to farmers. She's been known to herd cattle into the barn in order to protect them from a storm or enemies. Offerings of milk were left for her, and may be linked with older fertility customs.

More about the glaistig can be found in Encyclopedia of Fairies in World Folklore and Mythology by Theresa Bane

Friday, February 19, 2016

Guest Author Spotlight and #Giveaway - The Ferryman by S.S. Hampton, Sr. #shortstory #mythology



What If There Is a Kernel of Truth?
S.S. Hampton, Sr.

            Hello. Yes, it’s me again.
            You know, I’ve always enjoyed Greek mythology…until I took a university semester class in Greek Mythology. Until that very in-depth semester, I had no real understanding of just how much raping and, afterwards, blaming of the woman or nymph there was. As I told my instructor half-way through the semester, “I’m burned out on Greek mythology. I can’t wait until we get to Norse mythology.”
            (Just as an aside, from what Norse mythology that we studied, there was only one rape, and the Norse gods pretty much ignored mankind. It was a far different “god-view” from the Greeks.)
            Anyway, what if mythology and legend was not entirely a creation of mankind and the society he and she hails from? What if there is a kernel of truth buried somewhere within the heart of mythology and legend? I have always believed, and continue to believe, that such a thing is a possibility.
            That is not saying that I believe in mythology and legend as being fact, but what if we ventured into the earliest days of mankind when the world, the sky, and the universe was an awe inspiring and unexplained mystery? That was at a time when human speech became the first “proto-language” that was much likely little more than meaningful grunts and gestures.
            So, the world stage was set.
            Imagine one or more people, perhaps a people of the mountains or the plains, venturing far afield in the search for game, roots, and edible berries. And suppose they encounter a mighty river, or a winding ocean shoreline with bluffs and arches. Never having seen water of such size before, they might be—no pun intended—at a loss for words how to describe such a wondrous thing.
            And suppose they see, at a distance, a man like them, poling a dugout hollowed out from a tree trunk. Suppose the dugout contained one or more passengers.
            In the twilight as a full moon rose, perhaps at a time of rising mist or fog, they might watch the silent tableaux until it faded into the deepening night, or disappeared behind shadowed rocky bluffs. Or perhaps they spied such a scene in the early morning, and watched until the growing sunlight “blinded” them.
            But, what if there was more to the glimpse of a mysterious tableaux, more than what they could explain or understand?
            Gathered around an evening campfire they would “talk” about what they saw, perhaps trying to understand, or even fit the story into an evolving cosmos. After returning home they would tell the story to their families and village. And the story would spread during the wanderings of other hunters, and early traders on prehistoric trade routes, until the story took on a life of its own, especially regarding details not easily explained or understood…

***

The Ferryman
by S.S. Hampton, Sr.

Ed. Mel Jacob.
Melange Books.
ISBN: 978-1-61235-414-9

BLURB: Sometimes even a servant of the gods may become curious and intrigued by other possibilities beyond their assigned role, which threatens to upset everything. Charon the Ferryman witnessed an act of love when a little girl offered him a song bird to pay for her grandfather’s shade to be ferried across the Styx. And the shade of a barbarian woman taught him that there was more than the underworld…


EXCERPT: Strong sunlight faded to a pale shadow of itself as if drained of life to create deep shows along the sloping floor and the uneven walls of the long cavern entrance. Long, narrow stalactites hung from the cavern roof and stalagmites of various heights and thicknesses angled upward from the floor, resembling the scattered, uneven teeth of a monstrous dragon’s mouth. Flowstone along the widening cavern rolls had once oozed onto the cavern floor to form rolling stone waves that became a wide, sandy beach to disappear into the shadows.
            The cavern roof arched upward, lost to sight save for the pale tips of hanging stalactites. The scattered stalagmites marched into the rippling surface of dark waters. A thick gray mist coated the water that splashed onto the beach. The mist swirled into strange formations caused by a moaning, chilly wind that swept out of the darkness and up the long tunnel.
            From deep within the darkness of the gigantic cavern came the ghostly notes of pipes and the echoing steady rhythmic beat of a drum. Torches along the beach burst into flickering life as their flames danced to the ghostly rhythm of the pipes.
            The torchlight revealed pale shades, the spirits, of weeping men, women, and children, who shuffled through the sand along the edge of the waters of the River Styx. The river was one of the dark rivers of Hades, the underworld of the dead. The sunlight filtering into the cavern rippled with the shadows of weeping shades descending the length of the cavern entrance. A gilded figure with torch held high lit the way before them.
            The music grew louder. A dark shape, lighter than the darkness, appeared in the distance. The gathering shades milled at the water’s edge and waited as the bow of a boat fitted with a bronze beak sliced through the misty waters. A large red eye rimmed in black decorated each side of the polished wood bow. On both sides of the bow square wooden boxes dangled bronze anchors. Behind that lay a narrow platform from which a tall, narrow, wooden walkway rose into the chill air. An angled black bow sail and a large black square sail behind it strained with the moaning wind. In the center of the square sail was a whirlpool of red and yellow over which flowed thin streaks of blue, green, and brown. A triple bank of oars rippled in silent unison to propel the dark trireme toward the beach.
            Behind the barefoot Helmsman, from a willow and linen shelter at the rounded stern of the trireme, appeared a tall, broad-shouldered man. He had shoulder-length dark hair and a short beard followed the line of his jaws to his chin. His yellow eyes flickered as if torches burned within. He was dressed in a white linen cloak with a fold draped over his left shoulder, the hem of which was decorated in typical key pattern of gold. He also wore leather sandals.
            Charon the Ferryman strode the length of the trireme. Sixty towers, all that were needed to crew the vessel though it could have accommodated almost 200, rowed steadily to the rhythm of the echoing drumbeats. The muscular, sandy-haired Drummer wore a chitoniskos, a short sleeveless chiton of white linen, the hem decorated with a row of double headed battleaxes, fastened with a leather belt. A linen headband circled his long sandy hair. The smaller, bearded Piper, dressed like the Drummer, danced the length of the ship back and forth. Though the pipes sounded a dirge that provided a rhythm for timing the oars, the timeless music also stirred the soul with a dark foreboding.
            “Captain,” Charon greeted the sailor in a firm voice that echoed as if issuing from deep within the earth.
            “My Lord,” replied the Captain, a husky, bowlegged figure standing to one side of the enclosed bow spit within a decorated wood and linen railing. Short, clean-shaven, with short brown hair and blue eyes, he was dressed the same as the Drummer and Piper. “I see Apollo on the beach with his torch surrounded by those who await the ferry.”
            “Yes, I see.”
            The beardless youth on the beach thrust his torch higher as if to ensure the trireme saw him. He too wore a chitoniskos and sandals, and from behind his back peeked the quiver of arrows and a bow. Those who had payment for the Ferryman clustered close to Apollo, while those without joined others shuffling aimlessly along the beach.
            To Charon, it seemed the numbers of those who wandered the sandy beach was greater than before, much greater.
            “Make ready the ladders,” the Captain shouted.
            A pair of barefoot rowers left their seats for the bow, ready to lower the walkways so the shades could make their way onto the trireme provided they had payment.
            “Phokas,” Charon called.
            “My Lord,” a barefoot warrior answered.
            Like others, Phokas wore a chitoniskos. He also had a bulky suit of armor made of flexible, metal bands that ran from the shoulders to the knees, with another band that rose from the shoulders to the lower face, and greaves for the lower legs. He wore a leather helmet overlaid with boar tusks, metal cheek pieces protected his face, and the top of the helmet sported a long black horsetail. He carried a long ash spear with a narrow blade. Across his back was a leather baldric from which hung a short bronze sword in a decorated leather and wood scabbard, and over that, he wore a large figure-eight shield of wood and orange spotted cowhide. A leather bag dangled from his left hip.
            “It looks to be a good crowd this time.”
            “Yes, my Lord,” Phokas the Obol Collector replied.
            The beat of the drum changed and the rowers shifted oars, reversing strokes to slow the trireme as it bore down on the beach. The gray mist curled around the bow as the shuddering vessel came to a loud, grinding halt on the beach.
            “Ladders,” commanded Charon.
            “Charon,” Apollo called out and held a hand up in greeting.
            “Apollo.”
            Phokas descended the ladder and stood before the bronze beak, spear butt planted in the sand, a hand extended to receive obols from the gathering shades that he would drop in the leather bag. One obol placed on the tongue of the dead person bought passage on Charon’s ferry to Hades, ruled by its namesake, a dark and angry god…

***

Author Bio:

            Stan Hampton, Sr. is a full-blood Choctaw of the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, a divorced grandfather to 13 wonderful grandchildren, and a published photographer and photojournalist. He retired on 1 July 2013 from the Army National Guard with the rank of Sergeant First Class; he previously served in the active duty Army (1974-1985), the Army Individual Ready Reserve (1985-1995) (mobilized for the Persian Gulf War), and enlisted in the Nevada Army National Guard in October 2004, after which he was mobilized for Federal active duty for almost three years. Hampton is a veteran of Operations Noble Eagle (2004-2006) and Iraqi Freedom (2006-2007) with deployment to northern Kuwait and several convoy security missions into Iraq.
            He has had two solo photographic exhibitions and curated a third. His writings have appeared as stand-alone stories and in anthologies from Dark Opus Press, Edge Science Fiction & Fantasy, Melange Books, Musa Publishing, MuseItUp Publishing, Ravenous Romance, and as stand-alone stories in Horror Bound Magazine, The Harrow, and River Walk Journal, among others.
            As of April 2014, after being in a 2-year Veterans Administration program for Homeless Veterans, Hampton is officially no longer a homeless Iraq War veteran.
            In May 2014 he graduated from the College of Southern Nevada with an Associate of Applied Science Degree in Photography – Commercial Photography Emphasis. A future goal is to study for a degree in archaeology—hopefully to someday work in and photograph underwater archaeology (and also learning to paint). He is currently studying in a double major in Art and Creative Writing at University of Nevada-Las Vegas.
            After over 14 years of brown desert in the Southwest and overseas, he misses the Rocky Mountains, yellow aspens in the fall, running rivers, and a warm fireplace during snowy winters.

Hampton can be found at:


The Giveaway
*contest is closed*

Answer the following question to win an e-copy of THE FERRYMAN (PDF, EPUB, or MOBI). Post your answer in the comment section with your contact information. Winner will be chosen randomly from the reader who answers correctly! Contest closes February23rd.

Question:
In THE FERRYMAN on what river does Charon sail, and if he carries passengers, is a toll collected from them, and if so, what is the toll?